Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Effects Of Triptolide On Tooth Movement And Root Resorption In Rats

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S217936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of OCN in the tension side of distopalatal root of maxillary molar. Notes: ( A ) The rats treated with triptolide at a dose of 30 µg/kg. ( B ) The rats treated with triptolide at a dose of 15 µg/kg. ( C ) The rats in the control group. ( D ) Mean optical values of OCN. The positive cells were observed in the tension side along the alveolar bone (magnification, ×400). The arrows indicate the positive cells. The expression of OCN was significantly up-regulated by the injection of triptolide. Data are expressed as mean±SD (** P< 0.01). Abbreviations: AB, alveolar bone; PDL, periodontal ligament; R, root.

Article Snippet: The polyclonal anti-rabbit RANKL, anti-rabbit runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), anti-rabbit osteocalcin (OCN) were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Injection

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Urine-derived stem cells efficiently assemble into micro-bone organoids supported by decellularized bone matrix microparticles for rapidly repairing bone defects through direct filling and paracrine functions

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102533

Figure Lengend Snippet: Preparation and Functional Characterization of DBM-MPs. (A) H&E, Goldner, DAPI/ COL-1α , and SR staining were performed to assess alterations in the bone matrix before and after decellularization. Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Observe the microstructure and calcium/phosphorus content variations before and after decellularization using SEM and EDS. Scale bar = 100 μm. (C) The DNA content in bone tissue before and after decellularization. (D) Microstructure and particle size detection of DBM-MPs. Scale bar = 50 μm. (E) Fluorescence imaging results in nude mice following subcutaneous injection of DBM-MPs at immediate, 3rd day, and 5th day time points. Scale bar = 1 cm. (F) Live/dead staining and DAPI/phalloidin fluorescence staining of RAW264.7 cells co-cultured with DBM-MPs for 1, 4, and 7 days. Scale bar = 25 μm or 50 μm. (G) On the 4th day of co-culture of RAW264.7 cells and DBM-MPs, ELISA is used to detect the secretion of inflammatory factors TNF-α , IL-6 , and IL-1β in the culture system. (H) After 14 days of osteogenic induction, ALP staining is used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs stimulated by DBM-MPs. After 21 days of osteogenic induction, ARS staining is used to detect calcium nodules in each group. Scale bar = 250 μm. (I) The osteogenic ( RUNX2 , COL-1α , OCN ) genes expressed in BMSCs under DBM-MPs stimulation evaluated using qRT-PCR analysis. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3 or 5). p-values are calculated using unpaired t -test. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, and “ns” indicates no significance.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: CD31 (GB11063-2-100, Servicebio), OCN (23418-1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: Functional Assay, Staining, Fluorescence, Imaging, Injection, Cell Culture, Co-Culture Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Standard Deviation

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Urine-derived stem cells efficiently assemble into micro-bone organoids supported by decellularized bone matrix microparticles for rapidly repairing bone defects through direct filling and paracrine functions

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102533

Figure Lengend Snippet: Compare the osteogenic potential of USCs and BMSCs, as well as their efficient loading capacity of DBM-MPs. (A) Schematic illustration depicting the functional comparison among USCs and BMSCs, USCs@DBM-MPs and BMSCs@DBM-MPs, uBOs and bBOs. (B) Flow cytometric identification of surface markers of stem cells. (C) At 14 days and 21 days of osteogenic induction, compare the osteogenic potential of USCs and BMSCs using ALP staining and ARS staining. Scale bar = 50 μm or 250 μm. (D) At 14 days post-osteogenic induction, the expression levels of osteogenic markers ( RUNX2 , COL-1α , OCN ) were assessed in USCs and BMSCs by qRT-PCR. (E) The growth of USCs@DBM-MPs and BMSCs@DBM-MPs were observed using optical microscopy and live/dead cell staining. Scale bar = 50 μm. (F) Use DAPI/phalloidin three-dimensional fluorescence imaging and CCK-8 analysis to evaluate the adhesion and proliferation ability of USCs@DBM-MPs and BMSCs@DBM-MPs. Scale bar = 50 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). p-values are calculated using unpaired t -test. ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, and “ns” indicates no significance.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: CD31 (GB11063-2-100, Servicebio), OCN (23418-1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: Functional Assay, Comparison, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Imaging, CCK-8 Assay

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Urine-derived stem cells efficiently assemble into micro-bone organoids supported by decellularized bone matrix microparticles for rapidly repairing bone defects through direct filling and paracrine functions

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102533

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rapid generation of uBOs and its characteristics evaluation. (A) On the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of directed osteogenic induction, immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of early osteogenic marker RUNX2 , mid-stage osteogenic marker COL-1α , and late-stage osteogenic marker OCN in uBOs and bBOs, followed by quantitative analysis. Scale bar = 50 μm. (B) qRT-PCR was conducted to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of osteogenic genes ( RUNX2 , COL-1α , OCN ) in uBOs and bBOs. (C) WB analysis was carried out to assess the protein expression levels of osteogenic markers ( RUNX2 , COL-1α , OCN ) in uBOs and bBOs. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). p-values are calculated using unpaired t -test. “ns” indicates no significance.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: CD31 (GB11063-2-100, Servicebio), OCN (23418-1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Marker, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Urine-derived stem cells efficiently assemble into micro-bone organoids supported by decellularized bone matrix microparticles for rapidly repairing bone defects through direct filling and paracrine functions

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102533

Figure Lengend Snippet: uBOs can stimulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis through paracrine mechanisms. (A) Schematic diagram of the research design. (B) ELISA was performed to quantify osteogenic cytokines ( OPG , IGF-2 ) and angiogenic cytokines ( VEGF , ANG-5 ) in uBOs-CM, USCs-CM, and CTL-CM. (C) ALP and ARS staining showed the stimulating effects of uBOs-CM, USCs-CM, and CTL-CM on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Scale bar = 250 μm. (D, E) The expression levels of osteogenic markers ( RUNX2 , OCN ) were assessed by qRT-PCR and WB in each group. (F) Transwell and tube formation assays showed the chemotactic and tube formation stimulating effects of uBOs-CM, USCs-CM, and CTL-CM on HUVECs. Scale bar = 200 μm. (G, H) The expression levels of angiogenic markers ( HIF-1α , VEGF ) were evaluated by qRT-PCR and WB in each group. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). p-values are calculated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post hoc test. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, and “ns” indicates no significance.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: CD31 (GB11063-2-100, Servicebio), OCN (23418-1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Urine-derived stem cells efficiently assemble into micro-bone organoids supported by decellularized bone matrix microparticles for rapidly repairing bone defects through direct filling and paracrine functions

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102533

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of the in-vivo biological functions of uBOs and its in-vivo tracing. (A, B) After 3 weeks of modeling, immunofluorescence staining was employed to assess the expression levels of osteogenic markers ( RUNX2 , OCN ) and angiogenic markers ( CD31 , VEGF ), and semi-quantitative analysis was performed. Scale bar = 1 mm or 250 μm. (C) qRT-PCR was used to quantitatively detect the gene expression levels of osteogenic markers ( RUNX2 , OCN ) and angiogenic markers ( PDGF-BB , VEGF ) in newly formed bone tissue. (D) After 6 weeks of implantation of uBOs, in-vivo cell tracking was performed using immunohistochemistry. In the uBOs group, more human nuclei-stained cells were detected within the bone trabeculae. Scale bar = 200 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). p-values are calculated using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, and “ns” indicates no significance.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: CD31 (GB11063-2-100, Servicebio), OCN (23418-1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: In Vivo, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Gene Expression, Cell Tracking Assay, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: JCI Insight

Article Title: NDR2 is critical for osteoclastogenesis by regulating ULK1-mediated mitophagy

doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.180409

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Representative image of the transmission electron microscope (TEM), with purple arrows indicating mitochondria and yellow arrows indicating autophagosomes. ( B ) Western blot was used to detect the classical regulatory signaling pathway of mitophagy. Tom, mitochondrial outer membrane protein. ( C ) Immunofluorescence staining images of Lysm + NDR2 fl/fl BMMs were obtained to visualize the expression of PINK and PARKIN. The staining was performed using antibodies against PINK/PARKIN (green) and DAPI for nuclear counterstaining (blue). ( D and E ) Quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the fluorescence intensities of PINK and PARKIN ( n = 6). ( F and G ) BMMs derived from Lysm + NDR2 fl/fl mice were transfected with ULK1 siRNA ( F ) or treated with ULK1 inhibitor ( G ), and the classical mitophagy signaling pathway was analyzed by Western blot. ( H ) PINK and PARKIN immunofluorescence staining images of BMMs derived from Lysm + NDR2 fl/fl mice treated with ULK1 inhibitor. PINK/PARKIN (green) and DAPI (blue). ( I ) Statistical analysis of PINK and PARKIN fluorescence intensity ( n = 6). Statistical analyses were determined by 1-way ANOVA ( I ) and 2-way ANOVA ( D and E ). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001. Data were presented as mean ± SD.

Article Snippet: Antibodies of GAPDH (60004-1-Ig), PINK (23274-1-AP), PARKIN (14060-1-AP), and OCN (23418-1-AP) were purchased from Proteintech.

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Microscopy, Western Blot, Membrane, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Fluorescence, Derivative Assay, Transfection